Oslabenost

Oslabenost is a medical term used in several Slavic languages to denote a state of reduced strength or energy, commonly translated as weakness, debility, or fatigue. It can refer to general bodily weakness (loss of muscle strength) or a more systemic sense of exhaustion that limits daily activities. In medical contexts it is often related to asthenia or debility and is frequently described alongside symptoms such as reduced endurance, shortness of breath on exertion, or malaise.

Causes of oslabenost are diverse and may be acute or chronic. They include malnutrition, anemia, thyroid disorders, diabetes, kidney or liver disease, infections, cancer, and adverse medication effects. Neurological or musculoskeletal disorders such as myopathies, neuropathies, stroke, or inflammatory diseases can cause focal or generalized weakness. Aging and physical deconditioning also contribute. Psychological factors such as stress or depression may accompany or exacerbate the sensation of weakness.

Diagnosis relies on a combination of history, physical examination, and targeted tests. Laboratory investigations commonly include a complete blood count, metabolic panel, ferritin, vitamin B12, folate, thyroid function, and glucose measures. Additional tests or imaging may be needed to identify specific causes. Functional assessment and evaluation for comorbid conditions are often important.

Management targets the underlying cause when possible, supplemented by nutritional support, treatment of anemia, infection management, and optimization of chronic diseases. Physical rehabilitation, graded exercise, and energy-conserving strategies are key components. The prognosis varies with the underlying condition and the effectiveness of treatment.

See also debility, fatigue, asthenia.