Niedrigzyklische

Niedrigzyklische refers to a phenomenon or process characterized by a low number of cycles. In technical contexts, particularly in materials science and engineering, it often relates to fatigue where a material is subjected to a limited number of stress cycles. This contrasts with high-cycle fatigue, which involves a very large number of stress cycles. Low-cycle fatigue typically occurs under higher stress levels, leading to plastic deformation in each cycle. Examples can include components in aerospace engines or structures experiencing significant mechanical loads that cause them to deform and recover repeatedly.

The study of low-cycle fatigue is crucial for predicting the lifespan and ensuring the reliability of structures and components. It involves understanding material behavior under conditions that induce plastic strain, which can lead to crack initiation and propagation. Analysis of low-cycle fatigue often employs strain-based approaches rather than stress-based ones, as plastic strain is considered the driving force for damage accumulation in this regime. Testing methods include controlled strain amplitude cycling to determine the material's resistance to this type of failure.

Beyond materials science, the term "niedrigzyklische" can be applied more broadly to any system or process that repeats infrequently. For instance, in manufacturing, a low-cycle production process might involve fewer repetitions of a specific sequence compared to a high-cycle process. The core concept remains the limited number of repetitions or cycles within a defined period or operational lifespan.