Neoseiulus

Neoseiulus is a genus of predatory mites in the family Phytoseiidae, distributed worldwide and especially common in greenhouses and agricultural settings. Members are very small, typically only a few tenths of a millimeter in length, and are characterized by features typical of phytoseiid mites, including a smooth dorsal shield and a predatory lifestyle.

Ecology and biology: Neoseiulus species are free-living predators that feed on small arthropods and their eggs, with a particular preference for pest mites such as spider mites (Tetranychus and Panonychus species). They may also consume pollen and other small prey, making them versatile components of integrated pest management. Reproduction is generally sexual, but several species are capable of parthenogenetic reproduction in some populations, producing females without mating.

Commercial and ecological importance: Several Neoseiulus species have been mass-reared and released as biological control agents in greenhouses and field crops. Notable examples include Neoseiulus californicus, used against spider mites; Neoseiulus cucumeris, used against thrips; and Neoseiulus fallacis, N. barkeri, and N. longispinosus, which are employed in various pest-management programs. Effectiveness depends on appropriate environmental conditions and careful integration with other pest-control practices; broad-spectrum pesticides can harm these predators.

Taxonomy and identification: Neoseiulus is distinguished from related genera by morphological traits of the dorsal shield and leg chaetotaxy, among other characteristics. Because several species are morphologically similar, accurate identification often requires magnification and, in some cases, molecular data.