Mundwasser

Mundwasser, or mouthwash, is a liquid oral hygiene product used to rinse the mouth after brushing. It is designed to reduce oral bacteria, freshen breath, and in some formulations help reduce plaque, gingivitis, or tooth decay. Most mouthwashes are used in addition to brushing and flossing, not as a substitute for mechanical cleaning.

Products are categorized by active ingredients and purpose. Antiseptic rinses may contain chlorhexidine or essential oils and aim to reduce bacteria and inflammation. Fluoride-containing rinses help strengthen enamel and lower caries risk. Oxidizing rinses use hydrogen peroxide, and many products are available in alcohol-based or alcohol-free formulations. Some mouthwashes are cosmetic, focusing on breath freshness, while others are therapeutic and marketed for specific dental conditions.

Effectiveness and safety vary by formulation. Chlorhexidine rinses are among the most effective for reducing plaque and gingivitis, but long-term use can cause tooth staining, taste alteration, and mucosal irritation. Alcohol-containing rinses may cause dry mouth or a burning sensation in some users. Allergic reactions are possible but uncommon. Users are generally advised not to swallow mouthwash, to keep it out of reach of children, and to follow label directions. Children under six are often advised against using antiseptic rinses, and flavored formulas should be used with care.

Mundwasser is regulated and sold in many countries, with variations in over-the-counter and prescription options. Labeling typically includes ingredients, directions for use, and safety cautions. It is commonly used as part of daily oral hygiene alongside brushing and flossing.