Meniscussérülések

Meniscussérülések, commonly referred to as torn meniscus injuries, occur when the cartilage that acts as a shock absorber between the shinbone and thighbone in the knee is torn. The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of tough, rubbery cartilage that provides stability and cushioning to the knee joint. There are two menisci in each knee: the medial meniscus on the inner side and the lateral meniscus on the outer side.

These injuries are often caused by forceful twisting or rotation of the knee, especially when bearing weight. Athletes involved in sports that require sudden changes in direction, jumping, or pivoting, such as soccer, basketball, and football, are at higher risk. However, meniscal tears can also happen in older individuals due to degenerative changes in the meniscus, making it more prone to tearing even with minor movements.

Symptoms of a meniscus tear can vary depending on the severity and location of the tear. Common signs include pain in the knee, which may be sharp and localized or a dull ache. Swelling, stiffness, and a feeling of locking or catching in the knee are also frequently reported. Some individuals may experience a popping sensation at the time of injury.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional, where they assess the range of motion and check for specific signs of a tear. Imaging tests, such as MRI scans, are often used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the damage. Treatment options depend on the type, size, and location of the tear, as well as the patient's age and activity level. Conservative management may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with pain medication and physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve knee function. In some cases, surgical intervention, such as arthroscopic surgery to repair or remove the torn portion of the meniscus, may be necessary.