Malreduction
Malreduction is a term used in orthopedics to describe an inadequate or incorrect alignment of fracture fragments after an attempted reduction. It can occur during the initial reduction procedure or after a period of immobilization when a correct alignment is not maintained. Malreduction is distinct from malunion, which refers to a fracture that heals with residual deformity, and from nonunion or re-displacement, which involve failure to heal or subsequent loss of alignment.
Causes and patterns include residual angular or rotational deformity, varus/valgus malalignment, translation of fragments, incongruity of
Diagnosis: Post-reduction radiographs are used to assess alignment; computed tomography may be required for complex intra-articular
Common sites include fractures of the distal radius, tibial plateau or pilon, distal tibia, acetabulum, and
Consequences: Ongoing pain, impaired range of motion, instability, early degenerative changes, and functional limitations. Malreduction often
Management and prevention: If identified early, revision open reduction and internal fixation or external fixation may