Lokaalvõrgus

Lokaalvõrgus, commonly referred to as a Local Area Network (LAN), is a computer network that interconnects devices within a limited geographical area. This area is typically a home, office building, or a group of closely situated buildings. The primary purpose of a LAN is to allow devices to share resources, such as printers, files, and internet connections, and to facilitate communication between users.

LANs are characterized by their high data transfer rates and low latency, making them efficient for local communication. Unlike Wide Area Networks (WANs) that span larger geographical areas, LANs are usually privately owned and managed. The most common technology used in LANs is Ethernet, which defines the cabling standards and protocols for data transmission. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), using Wi-Fi technology, have become increasingly popular, offering flexibility and mobility by connecting devices without physical cables.

Setting up a LAN involves connecting devices using network interface cards (NICs) and networking hardware like switches, routers, and access points. Switches are used to connect multiple devices within the same network segment, while routers connect different networks together, including connecting a LAN to the internet. Security is a crucial aspect of LAN management, with measures like firewalls, password protection, and encryption used to prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive data. The simplicity and cost-effectiveness of LANs make them indispensable for modern networking needs.