Lapparna

Lapparna is the plural definite form of lapp in Swedish, most commonly referring to patches or patches used to mend and decorate fabric. In everyday use, lapparna denotes patches—small pieces of fabric or material applied to another fabric by sewing or with heat-activated adhesives to repair holes, reinforce wear, or create decorative designs on clothing, bags, or upholstery.

Common materials for patches include cotton, denim, polyester, leather, and felt. Patches may be sewn on by hand or machine, or attached with iron-on or adhesive backing. Finishing edges with zigzag stitches or overlock seams helps prevent fraying. Decorative patches often feature embroidery, appliqué, woven or printed motifs, and may indicate brands, affiliations, or personal expressions.

Applications range from repairing jeans and jackets to fashion statements and textile art such as patchwork quilts. Patches are also used in uniforms or workwear to indicate rank or department, or to cover stains and damages without replacing garments. In textile art, patchwork is a broader practice that arranges multiple patches into a larger design and can be a form of cultural or personal expression.

Care for patched garments depends on materials. Patch integrity is maintained by washing on gentle cycles, using cold water, and air drying when possible. Iron-on patches should be heat-set according to manufacturer instructions to preserve adhesion.

Notes: in Swedish, the word lapp historically also referred to the Sámi people, a usage now considered outdated; when referring to the people, samer is preferred. The term lapparna thus has multiple meanings beyond patches in different contexts.