Kreatiniinina

Kreatiniinina refers to creatinine, a waste product generated during normal muscle metabolism from the breakdown of creatine phosphate. It is produced at a relatively steady rate that largely reflects an individual’s muscle mass and is eliminated from the body primarily by the kidneys through glomerular filtration, with a small amount secreted by the renal tubules.

Because of its consistent production and renal clearance, creatiniinina levels are commonly used to assess kidney function. Clinically, serum creatiniinina is used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through equations such as CKD-EPI or MDRD. Urine creatiniinina measurements, often collected over 24 hours, can be used to calculate creatiniinina clearance as another estimate of GFR. In practice, eGFR derived from serum creatiniinina is the standard tool for staging kidney disease and guiding treatment.

Several factors influence creatiniinina levels. Muscle mass, age, sex, body size, and diet (notably meat intake) affect production; hydration status and certain medications can alter concentrations. Elevated creatiniinina can indicate reduced GFR or acute kidney injury, while unusually low levels may be seen with very low muscle mass. However, creatiniinina alone is not a perfect measure of kidney function, especially in individuals with abnormal muscle mass or in early kidney disease.

Analytical methods for measuring creatiniinina include enzymatic assays, which are more specific, and the traditional Jaffe reaction, which can be influenced by non-creatinine substances. Clinically, creatiniinina testing is often complemented by other markers, such as cystatin C, to improve accuracy in estimating GFR.