Komponenta

Komponenta is a term used in engineering and technology to denote a part that forms part of a larger system. A component has a defined function, a clearly specified interface, and predictable behavior. The word is used in several languages, notably Czech and Slovak (komponenta) and other Slavic languages, and corresponds to the English term component or part.

Definition and scope: A component is designed to be combined with other components to achieve an overall system function. It is typically modular, replaceable, and described by specifications that cover performance, compatibility, and interface characteristics. The concept supports decomposition of complex systems into manageable parts and enables reuse and maintenance.

Domains and examples: In electronics, components include resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits. In mechanical engineering, components encompass gears, bearings, shafts, and fasteners. In software engineering, components or modules implement a set of features and expose interfaces (APIs) that allow other parts of the system to interact. In civil and automation contexts, assemblies are built from individual components such as sensors, actuators, and structural elements.

Design principles and interoperability: Components are intended to be interchangeable within a system, with standardized form, function, and interfaces that enable seamless integration. Standards and practices vary by domain, covering electrical footprints and connectivity, mechanical tolerances, and software data formats and protocols. The component-based approach supports scalability, maintenance, and collaborative development across disciplines.

See also: module, subsystem, part, assembly, interface.