Kea

The kea (Nestor notabilis) is a large parrot native to New Zealand, restricted to the South Island. It is widely regarded for its high intelligence and exploratory behavior. The plumage is olive-green with a greyish head, and the wings reveal blue tones in flight; some individuals show bright patches of color on the wing feathers.

Keas occupy alpine and subalpine regions, typically from near the treeline to high mountain slopes, as well as adjacent beech forest and tussock grassland. They are highly adaptable and nomadic within their range, often traveling in groups and known for their vocal social behavior.

Diet is varied and opportunistic. Keas eat plant material such as leaves, roots, berries, and seeds, as well as insects and carrion. They will scavange human food and may interact with vehicles, equipment, and other objects, sometimes causing damage. They hunt and forage cooperatively at times and display curiosity toward novel stimuli.

Breeding takes place in rock crevices, hollow trees, or other sheltered cavities. Clutches typically consist of two to four eggs, with incubation and chick-rearing carried out primarily by the female, while the young remain dependent for several months.

Conservation status and threats: The kea is listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN. The species is considered to have a small, declining population, with estimates in the low thousands of mature individuals. Major threats include predation by introduced mammals such as stoats and cats, habitat modification, disease, and incidents of human-wildlife conflict. It is protected under New Zealand law, and conservation efforts focus on reducing avoidable mortality, habitat protection, and public education to minimize harmful interactions.

Cultural notes: The name kea comes from Māori, and the bird holds a significant place in New Zealand’s natural heritage as a symbol of alpine wildlife and curiosity.