Kalfs

Kalfs is the Dutch term for calves, referring to young cattle typically under one year of age. Calves are the offspring of cattle and are kept for various purposes in farming systems, including dairy herd replacement, beef production, and veal. The term is commonly used in the Netherlands and Belgium and appears in agricultural markets and literature.

Biology and early life: Calves are born after a gestation of about nine months. In dairy operations, calves are often separated from their mothers soon after birth. They receive colostrum, then milk or milk replacer, and a starter feed. Weaning usually occurs around 6 to 8 weeks, after which they are fed a growing diet and housed in pens that may be individual or grouped depending on management. Growth rates depend on breed, nutrition, and housing conditions.

Production uses: Veal comes from young calves, especially male dairy calves, while beef calves are raised for slaughter at heavier weights. Female calves may become dairy cows, replacing older stock. Management regimes differ between dairy, beef, and veal sectors and across countries.

Welfare and regulation: Calf welfare is subject to veterinary and welfare standards aimed at improving nutrition, housing, hygiene, and handling. Practices vary by country and system, with ongoing debates about confinement, early separation, and pain management in procedures such as dehorning or castration.