KED

Ked, in veterinary and parasitology contexts, refers to a wingless, blood-feeding ectoparasite of sheep and other ruminants known as the sheep ked. The most common species is Melophagus ovinus, a member of the fly family Hippoboscidae. Adults are flattened and hairless or lightly haired, adapted to clinging to wool and skin; they spend their entire life on the host and do not fly.

Life cycle and biology: Females give birth to a single larva, which then develops within the host’s fleece before reaching an immature stage and eventually pupating in the wool or environment. Adults emerge and continue to feed on blood while remaining on the host. The ked’s life cycle is closely tied to the host, with transmission mainly occurring through direct contact between animals or via contaminated equipment and handling practices.

Impact on hosts: Infestations can cause irritation and restlessness, wool damage, weight loss, and reduced production in severe cases. In some flocks, ked infestation increases vulnerability to secondary infections and can contribute to anemia, especially in young animals.

Distribution and management: Keds are found in temperate regions and their prevalence varies with season and husbandry practices. Diagnosis is typically based on direct observation of flattened, wingless insects on the animal, often around the shoulders, belly, and groin. Control relies on integrated parasite management, including proper sanitation, regular shearing or grooming, and the use of approved acaricides or insecticides applied to animals or their environment. Isolating infested animals and thorough cleaning of equipment can help reduce transmission.