Grossisters

Grossisters are intermediaries in the distribution chain that purchase large quantities of goods from manufacturers or producers and resell them in smaller lots to retailers, other businesses, or public institutions. They typically do not sell directly to end consumers. The term is used in Dutch and several other European languages to denote wholesale intermediaries; in English the equivalent term is wholesale distributor.

Functions and models vary. Merchant wholesalers take title to the goods, store them, break bulk quantities, and provide services such as credit and logistics. Brokers arrange sales without taking ownership of the merchandise. Service wholesalers offer additional value-added services like packaging, labeling, assembly, or marketing support. Wholesalers often specialize by sector (for example food, industrial equipment, pharmaceuticals) or by the range of services they provide.

Role in the supply chain. Grossisters connect producers with markets, reducing transaction costs and risk for both sides. They provide storage, inventory management, market information, and sometimes financing. By aggregating demand from multiple buyers, they can offer more predictable supply and broader product assortments than small retailers could obtain directly from manufacturers.

History and trends. Wholesale activity expanded with industrialization and the growth of large-scale manufacturing and retail networks. Globalization led to multinational wholesalers and more complex distribution channels. In recent years, technology and e-commerce have transformed wholesale with digital marketplaces, electronic data interchange, automated warehouses, and data analytics to optimize procurement and stock management.

Regulation and market structure. Wholesalers are generally subject to competition and trade regulations, product safety standards, and, where applicable, licensing requirements. Their practices influence pricing, availability, and access to markets across various sectors.