Graphitlikt

Graphitlikt is a term used in some materials science and engineering contexts to describe carbon-based materials that closely resemble graphite in their layered, sp2-hybridized structure but that are not identical to conventional graphite. The term is not universally defined and appears primarily in informal or regional writings, where it denotes variants that are graphite-like but exhibit notable differences in ordering, interlayer spacing, or functionalization.

In graphitlikt, carbon layers form a planar, hexagonal lattice with strong in-plane bonds and relatively weak van der Waals forces between layers. The stacking of layers can be AB, but often shows disorder or turbostratic misalignment. Defects, dopants, or chemical groups may be present between or within layers, altering electronic structure and chemical reactivity.

Variants commonly encompassed by the concept include turbostratic carbon, few-layer graphene stacks, and chemically modified graphite-like materials. Graphitlikt is distinguished from ideal graphite by poorer interlayer coherence, variable interlayer spacing, and higher defect density, which modify electrical conductivity, thermal transport, and lubricity.

Synthesis and processing methods include chemical vapor deposition, high-temperature pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, mechanical or chemical exfoliation to produce few-layer structures, and chemical reduction or functionalization of graphene oxide. Material properties are highly sensitive to layering order, defect content, and dopant species.

Applications proposed for graphitlikt materials include electrodes for batteries or supercapacitors, conductive fillers in polymer composites, solid lubricants or coating additives, and chemical or biological sensors. The lack of a standardized definition means the term is used cautiously and often as a descriptive label rather than a formal designation. Related topics include graphite, graphene, turbostratic carbon, and graphene oxide.