Galvanisierte

Galvanisierte refers to metal parts, typically made from iron or steel, that have been coated with zinc to protect against corrosion. The zinc coating provides corrosion resistance either by acting as a physical barrier or by offering sacrificial protection, where zinc corrodes preferentially if the underlying metal is exposed. The term is widely used in Dutch and German contexts and corresponds to the English term galvanized.

The most common methods are hot-dip galvanizing and electrogalvanizing. Hot-dip galvanizing involves cleaning the steel and then immersing it in molten zinc, usually around 450°C, which yields a metallurgical bond and a relatively thick, durable coating. Electrogalvanizing deposits zinc onto the surface by electroplating, producing a thinner layer with a smoother appearance, often used for precision components or where tighter tolerances are required. There are also diffusion-based methods, such as sherardizing, which apply zinc through a diffusion process.

Coating characteristics vary by method and application. Typical zinc coatings can range from a few micrometers to several tens of micrometers in thickness and may be finished with painting or additional sealants. Proper storage and handling are important to prevent white rust, a zinc carbonate formation that can occur if coated parts remain damp before protective paint is applied.

Standards and quality control for galvanization include ISO 1461, EN 1461, and ASTM A123/A123M, which specify coating thickness, adhesion, and inspection procedures. Galvanized coatings are widely used in construction, automotive and agricultural equipment, fencing, water and gas distribution pipes, and street furniture due to their cost-effective, long-term corrosion protection. Limitations include reduced performance in extremely aggressive environments and potential coating damage requiring local repairs.