Galemys

Galemys is a genus of small, semi-aquatic mammals in the mole family (Talpidae). The genus currently contains a single living species, Galemys pyrenaicus, commonly known as the Pyrenean desman, which is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. Historically, some classifications placed this species in Desmana or treated Galemys as a subgenus, but most current systems recognize Galemys as a monotypic genus.

The Pyrenean desman is a small, mole-like mammal with a long, pointed snout, dense waterproof fur, and webbed hind feet. Its tail is laterally compressed and acts as a rudder during swimming. It relies on keen facial whiskers and sensitive forepaws for locating prey in muddy and gravelly riverbeds.

Distribution and habitat: It inhabits clean, fast-flowing streams and rivers with gravelly bottoms and aquatic vegetation, primarily in the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula (notably the Pyrenees and adjacent basins). It is adapted to an aquatic lifestyle and rarely leaves water.

Ecology and behavior: The species is mostly nocturnal or crepuscular and tends to live solitary or in small family groups. It feeds on aquatic invertebrates, diving to forage under stones and in vegetation. It requires intact riparian vegetation and clean water.

Reproduction: Breeding occurs mainly in spring and early summer. Gestation lasts several weeks, and litters are small, typically containing a few offspring. Juveniles remain with the mother for a period after birth.

Conservation: The Pyrenean desman is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss, water pollution, and fragmentation from dams and water extraction. It is protected under national and international law, and conservation actions focus on habitat protection and river management.