Ferngesteuerte

Ferngesteuerte describes systems and devices operated at a distance via a control signal sent from a handheld transmitter to a receiver on the device. The term covers remote-controlled models, machinery, and teleoperation systems, and is used in German to describe these concepts. In English, they are commonly called remote-controlled or RC systems.

Common examples are hobbyist models such as cars, boats, airplanes, helicopters, and drones, as well as industrial teleoperation in hazardous environments, underwater exploration, and robotic testing.

A typical setup includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a control interface that translates stick and switch inputs into actuator commands (throttle, steering, pitch, yaw). Signals may be analogue PWM/PPM or digital protocols; 2.4 GHz bands are common today, offering greater resistance to interference and easier pairing.

Systems may incorporate electronic speed controllers, servos, flight controllers, GPS, and telemetry. Failsafe features trigger safe behavior on signal loss, and many systems support binding, calibration, and telemetry data to monitor performance and status.

Regulation varies by country. Operators may require certification or licenses for transmitters, and drone or remote-operated activities are often subject to line-of-sight, altitude limits, privacy, and airspace rules. Safety considerations include avoiding unauthorized use, protecting others, and complying with local requirements.

Remote control experiments date to the late 19th and early 20th centuries; Nikola Tesla demonstrated a remotely controlled boat in 1898, and postwar developments led to the rise of consumer RC models and increasingly capable digital 2.4 GHz protocols.