boat

A boat is a watercraft designed to move on water. Boats vary in size, shape, and purpose and are used for transport, fishing, recreation, and work. The term is commonly applied to smaller craft, while ships are typically larger, though the distinction is not absolute.

A boat stays afloat through buoyancy and hull design. It displaces water and must be lighter than the water it displaces. Common materials include wood, fiberglass, aluminum, and steel. Propulsion methods include oars, sails, and engines powered by internal combustion or electricity. Steering is usually through a rudder or tiller.

Types range from rowboats, canoes, and kayaks to sailing boats, motorboats, fishing boats, dinghies, and multihull craft such as catamarans. Boats may be used for recreation, transport, commercial work, rescue, or scientific research.

Boating has ancient origins, with early craft in civilizations such as Mesopotamia and Egypt. Over time hull designs and propulsion evolved from oared vessels to sail, steam, and eventually motorized boats. Modern boats frequently use lightweight, durable materials and mixed propulsion systems.

Boating is regulated in most countries by vessel registration, operator licensing, and equipment rules. International and national regulations cover safety, navigation, and collision avoidance, including rules for lights and right of way.