FKK

FKK stands for Freikörperkultur, meaning “free body culture.” It is a movement and lifestyle that promotes non-sexual nudity in natural or designated spaces, with the aims of body acceptance, health, and social equality. In German-speaking areas, the term is closely associated with naturist practices and communities, though the broader naturist movement uses related concepts and labels in other countries.

Origins and development trace the movement to late 19th and early 20th century reform currents that linked physical fitness, hygiene, and a closer relationship with nature. It gained particular traction in Germany and parts of Central Europe, evolving into organized associations, dedicated beaches and parks, and private clubs. The Nazi era imposed varying restrictions on public nudity, and after World War II the movement experienced a revival and expansion during the 1950s–1970s, contributing to a broader modern naturist scene.

Practices center on outdoor nudity in spaces intended for that purpose, such as designated FKK beaches, parks, camping sites, and private clubs. The philosophy emphasizes body positivity, privacy, and respectful conduct, with an emphasis on non-sexual behavior. Venues commonly offer facilities such as saunas, pools, and social spaces; some are family-oriented while others are adult-only.

Legal status of public nudity varies by country and region. Some places explicitly permit FKK in specific beaches or parks, while others ban nudity in public spaces. In Germany, FKK represents a long-standing subculture with many clubs, associations, and beach zones, and the term is widely recognized in relation to naturist activities both within and beyond German borders.