Endomorph

Endomorph is a term used in the somatotype framework to describe a body type characterized by a higher proportion of body fat, a wider pelvis, and a softer, rounder overall appearance. The concept originated with American psychologist William Sheldon in the mid-20th century and classifies people into three basic types: endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. Today it is commonly used in fitness and nutrition as a heuristic rather than a precise scientific diagnosis.

Typical endomorph characteristics include a tendency to store fat more readily, with weight gains that may accumulate in the abdomen, hips, and thighs. Individuals may have a larger overall body circumference, including a wider waist relative to height, and may carry more body fat at rest. Muscle development is possible, but baseline fat mass can influence the visible lean look, and metabolism is believed by some to be slower, though metabolic rate varies widely among individuals.

In fitness and diet planning, endomorphs often emphasize an approach that supports lean mass while creating a moderate calorie deficit. This typically involves regular resistance training to build or preserve muscle, combined with cardiovascular exercise and careful portion control. A higher-protein diet, distributed meals, and gradual, steady weight loss are common recommendations. Personalization is important, as individual responses to training and diet vary considerably within any somatotype category.

Critics note that somatotype classifications are simplistic and imperfect predictors of physique or health outcomes. Modern research emphasizes a spectrum of body types influenced by genetics, activity, and environment, rather than fixed categories. The term remains in use mainly as a general reference for discussing tendencies in body composition and training approaches, not as a definitive label.