Endarterektomiaa

Endarterektomiaa, also known as endarterectomy, is a surgical procedure aimed at removing atherosclerotic plaque buildup from the inner lining of an artery. The primary goal of this operation is to restore normal blood flow and prevent ischemic events, such as strokes or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), caused by arterial blockages.

The most common form of endarterectomy is carotid endarterectomy, performed to clear blockages in the carotid arteries, which supply blood to the brain. During the procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the neck to access the affected artery. The artery is then opened, and the accumulated plaque is carefully removed. Following removal, the artery is closed, often with a patch to widen the vessel and reduce the risk of restenosis (re-narrowing).

Endarterectomy can also be conducted on other arteries, including the femoral, iliac, or coronary arteries, depending on the location of the blockage and the patient's condition. The procedure is considered when the degree of arterial stenosis (narrowing) exceeds a certain threshold, often 70% or more.

This surgical intervention is generally indicated for patients with significant arterial narrowing who are symptomatic or at high risk of cardiovascular events. Risks associated with endarterectomy include nerve injury, stroke, bleeding, and infections, but the benefits may outweigh these risks in appropriately selected patients.

Endarterectomy is a well-established and effective procedure, often used in conjunction with other medical treatments such as anticoagulation, statins, and lifestyle modifications to manage peripheral or cerebrovascular artery disease.