Dotwork

Dotwork is a design and tattooing technique that uses numerous small dots to create imagery, texture, or shading. In tattooing, dotwork relies on stippling—placing dots at varying densities to form gradients and patterns. The resulting images range from geometric mandalas and tessellations to botanical and animal subjects. In fine art, the term is related to pointillism, but dotwork in tattoos is defined by ink deposition into the skin rather than painted dots on a canvas.

Technique and execution: Artists plan with a stencil, then apply dots with a round shader needle, adjusting spacing and density to control tone. Dots can be densely packed for dark areas or sparse for light. Dotwork often appears as linework combined with dot shading. Common motifs include sacred geometry, floral mandalas, and minimalist geometric shapes. Proper needle choice, machine settings, and skin type influence healing and longevity. Stretched or overworked skin can cause uneven dot appearance and blowouts.

History and context: Dotwork emerged as a prominent style in contemporary tattoo culture as artists experimented with shading and texture beyond solid fills. It draws from stippling techniques in traditional art and from the broader interest in mandala and geometric design. It is typically practiced by specialized studios and can vary regionally in approach and preferences.

Variations and related forms: Some artists combine dotwork with linework or geometric grids, creating hybrid styles. The term is also used for digital or illustration work that uses dotted shading patterns. In addition to aesthetics, dotwork is valued for its subtle, airy effect and ability to build intricate patterns from simple elements.

Safety and care: As with any tattoo, dotwork requires a clean, licensed studio and sterile equipment. Aftercare typically includes cleaning, moisturizing, and avoiding sun exposure to preserve the dot patterns during healing.