Denguelázat

Denguelázat, in Hungarian usage, refers to dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti. The disease is caused by four related dengue virus serotypes (DEN-1 to DEN-4). Humans acquire infection through bites by infected female mosquitoes; local transmission is common in tropical and subtropical regions, including the Caribbean, large parts of Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas.

Clinical features typically begin with a sudden high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pains, fatigue, nausea, and a rash. Most infections are mild or subclinical, but a subset can progress to severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome) with plasma leakage, bleeding, and organ impairment. The incubation period is usually 4–10 days. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation supported by laboratory tests such as RT-PCR or NS1 antigen detection in the early phase, and dengue IgM/IgG serology in later stages.

There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue. Care is supportive, focusing on adequate fluids, rest, and fever management with acetaminophen. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are generally avoided when dengue is suspected due to bleeding risk. Severe dengue requires hospitalization with careful fluid management and monitoring.

Prevention centers on vector control and personal protection: eliminating standing water, using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and installing window screens. A dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia, CYD-TDV) is approved in some regions for individuals with prior dengue infection; vaccination in dengue-naive individuals may increase the risk of severe dengue. Other vaccines are in development. Denguelázat remains a significant public health concern in affected areas.