NS1

NS1 is an acronym used to refer to several distinct topics in science and technology. This article covers two of the most common uses: a viral protein in influenza viruses and a domain name system (DNS) service platform.

In virology, NS1 denotes the nonstructural protein 1 produced by influenza A and B viruses. The NS1 protein is encoded by segment 8 of the segmented viral genome and functions as a multifunctional regulator of host responses. A primary role of NS1 is to counteract the host innate immune system, in particular by inhibiting type I interferon production and signaling, and by interfering with host mRNA processing. It can bind to cellular factors involved in RNA maturation and immune sensing, helping the virus replicate more efficiently. NS1 is not a structural component of the virion and is expressed early in infection. Its length and sequence vary among strains, with influenza A NS1 typically around 230–237 amino acids. Variations in NS1 activity influence virulence and host range, making the protein a frequent subject of influenza research and a target in vaccine design and antiviral development.

In information technology, NS1 refers to a DNS service platform. It provides authoritative DNS resolution, DNS analytics, traffic management, and edge security features such as DDoS protection and fast failover. The platform emphasizes high availability and low latency through global networks, along with programmable APIs and real-time analytics. NS1 aims to offer scalable DNS infrastructure suitable for enterprises, with capabilities for performance optimization, traffic routing decisions, and integration with content delivery networks.