DNAvolgvolging

DNAvolgvolging is the systematic use of DNA analysis to identify or track individuals in law enforcement, security, and related contexts. It encompasses the collection, analysis, and storage of DNA profiles, and the comparison of these profiles with reference databases. DNA profiling typically relies on short tandem repeats (STRs) in the genome to create a distinctive genetic fingerprint. In addition to direct matches, investigators may use familial searching or, in some jurisdictions, investigative genetic genealogy to identify relatives of a suspect.

Databases may include DNA from convicted offenders, arrestees, or crime scene samples. The aim is to narrow suspects, link crimes, or identify victims. The process is regulated by law and policy to balance investigative needs with privacy rights. Collections require appropriate authorization, and laboratories adhere to quality controls and chain-of-custody procedures to ensure reliability.

Privacy and civil liberties concerns are central: genetic data are sensitive and can reveal familial relationships and health information. Safeguards often include data minimization, time-limited retention, access controls, independent oversight, and governance on who can search databases and for what purposes. The use of DNAvolging faces debates about effectiveness, potential biases, and the risk of false positives or misinterpretations, especially with partial or mixed samples.

Legal frameworks vary by country but generally require proportionality and necessity, with oversight by courts or independent bodies. In many regions, genetic data processed by law enforcement is also subject to data protection regulations such as GDPR, which imposes strict requirements on consent, purpose limitation, and retention.