Chiqamiz

Chiqamiz is a traditional Andean textile technique originating from the Quechua and Aymara cultures of the Andes Mountains, primarily practiced in regions such as Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, and parts of northern Chile and Argentina. The word "chiqamiz" comes from the Quechua language, where "chiqa" means "to weave" and "miz" refers to the intricate patterns or designs created through the process. This craft is deeply rooted in the cultural and spiritual heritage of the Andean people, often used to create garments, blankets, and ceremonial textiles.

The technique involves a form of supplementary weaving, where additional threads or yarns are incorporated into the base weave to create geometric patterns, often in vibrant colors. Unlike simple tapestry weaving, chiqamiz requires precise control over the supplementary threads to achieve its characteristic floating, three-dimensional designs. These patterns frequently symbolize natural elements, such as mountains, rivers, and animals, as well as abstract motifs tied to Andean cosmology and daily life.

Chiqamiz textiles are traditionally handwoven using natural fibers like alpaca, llama, or wool, dyed with plant-based pigments such as cochineal, indigo, and other local dyes. The craft has been passed down through generations, with each community developing its own variations in technique and symbolism. In modern times, chiqamiz has gained recognition as both a cultural preservation effort and an art form, with contemporary weavers blending traditional methods with new materials and designs.

The practice of chiqamiz is not only an artistic expression but also a means of preserving Andean identity. It is often used in festivals, rituals, and daily attire, reflecting the community’s connection to their environment and history. Efforts to sustain this tradition include workshops, cooperatives, and global markets that support Andean weavers while promoting cultural awareness.