Chalazions

A chalazion is a small, painless lump that forms on the eyelid, typically caused by a blocked meibomian gland. These glands, located within the eyelids, secrete oil that helps prevent the eye from drying out. When the gland becomes clogged, it can lead to swelling and the formation of a cyst, known as a chalazion. Unlike a stye, which is usually red, tender, and located near the edge of the eyelid, a chalazion tends to develop deeper within the eyelid and may take weeks or months to resolve on its own.

Symptoms of a chalazion often include a noticeable bump on the eyelid, redness, swelling, and sometimes blurred vision if the cyst presses against the cornea. In some cases, the eyelid may appear slightly raised or puffy. While chalazions are generally harmless, they can cause discomfort or cosmetic concerns. Treatment typically involves warm compresses applied to the affected area several times a day to help drain the blocked gland. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory eye drops may also be used to reduce swelling. In persistent cases, a healthcare provider may drain the cyst or prescribe oral or topical antibiotics to prevent infection.

Chalazions can occur in people of any age but are more common in adults. Risk factors include chronic blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids), poor eyelid hygiene, and conditions that cause excessive oil production in the eyelids. While most chalazions resolve without intervention, recurrent cases may require further evaluation to identify underlying causes. Proper eyelid hygiene, including gentle cleansing and avoiding rubbing the eyes, can help reduce the likelihood of developing a chalazion. If symptoms persist or worsen, medical advice should be sought.