Celeus

Celeus is a genus of woodpeckers in the family Picidae, native to tropical forests of the Americas. Species in this genus are medium-sized woodpeckers that typically forage on the trunks and branches of living trees and fallen wood, probing crevices for insects and sometimes consuming fruit or sap. They tend to move quietly through forest canopies, often in pairs or family groups, and are known for their distinctive calls and drumming.

Despite variation among species, Celeus woodpeckers commonly exhibit warm-toned plumage, with buff, cinnamon, or pale yellow underparts and contrasting head markings that may include crests or facial stripes. The sexes are often similar in appearance, though some species show subtle differences.

Geographically, Celeus ranges from southern Mexico through Central America to much of South America and on several Caribbean islands, occupying a variety of forest habitats from humid lowlands to montane forests and forest edges.

Ecology and behavior: They nest in tree cavities excavated in dead wood, often using rotted trunks. Both parents participate in incubation and chick-rearing. Their diet centers on wood-boring insects and larvae, but fruit and other plant material are taken opportunistically.

Taxonomy and conservation: The genus contains several described species; taxonomic treatment varies with new research. Habitat loss and deforestation threaten some populations, while others remain comparatively secure.