CMYKDruck

CMYKDruck, or CMYK printing, is a color reproduction process that uses four ink colors—cyan, magenta, yellow, and black—to reproduce color on paper and other substrates. The “K” stands for black (Key) and serves as the fifth component that provides depth, detail, and definition, especially in shadows and type.

The method is based on subtractive color mixing. In subtractive printing, inks absorb (subtract) different wavelengths of light when viewed on a white background. By combining cyan, magenta, and yellow in varying amounts, printers can produce a wide range of colors; black ink is added to achieve true darks, improve contrast, and ensure crisp text. The CMYK model is standard in commercial printing because it aligns with typical press capabilities and paper stocks.

In practice, images are separated into four color channels and printed as four ink layers in precise registration. Halftoning is used to simulate continuous tones through tiny dots. Modern presses include offset lithography and various digital printers. Color management, including ICC profiles, helps ensure consistent color across devices—from scanners and monitors to proofing systems and final presses. Proofing, whether soft (display-based) or hard (printed), is common to verify color before full production.

Limitations and variations should be noted. The CMYK gamut is smaller than the RGB gamut used by digital displays, so some vibrant colors cannot be reproduced exactly and may appear duller on print. To achieve exact corporate colors or special effects, spot colors (such as Pantone) or additional inks (metallics, fluorescents) may be used. CMYK remains the standard for most mass-produced color printing, particularly in magazines, brochures, packaging, and books.