Branndør

A branndør, commonly referred to as a fire door, is a door assembly designed to resist the spread of fire and heat between separate parts of a building. Its main purpose is to maintain compartmentalization, provide a safe evacuation path for occupants, and protect structural elements for a defined period of time, typically measured in minutes.

Construction and components often include a fire-rated door leaf, a matching frame, hinges, latches, and sealing systems. The door leaf may contain a fire-resistant core made of mineral wool or other fire-retardant materials and is usually clad with a protective surface. Intumescent seals and smoke seals around the edges expand when exposed to high temperatures to maintain the rated barrier.

Ratings and standards vary by region but share the goal of quantifying performance. Fire doors are commonly rated for a duration such as 30 or 60 minutes (often expressed as FD30, FD60 in some systems). In European practice, classifications such as EI30 or EI60 indicate the level of integrity and insulation achieved. Door assemblies are tested as complete units according to standards like EN 1634-1 and EN 13501-1 and must be installed with components and frames that are part of an approved, labeled system.

Installation and maintenance emphasize a correct door assembly, proper alignment, and functional hardware. Self-closing devices and positive latching are typical requirements in many building codes for egress routes. Regular inspection and maintenance are necessary to ensure seals, hinges, and latching mechanisms remain effective; damaged doors are generally replaced or retested to restore the rated performance.

Branndør is used in fire compartments, corridors, stairwells, and other areas where compartmentation and safe evacuation are essential.