Apaloderma

Apaloderma is a genus of birds belonging to the starling family, Sturnidae, primarily found in sub-Saharan Africa. The genus comprises two species: the **Greater Blue-eared Starling** (*Apaloderma aequatoriale*) and the **Lesser Blue-eared Starling** (*Apaloderma narina*), both of which are notable for their striking plumage and distinctive vocalizations.

The Greater Blue-eared Starling is a large, iridescent bird with a predominantly deep blue-black body, contrasting white wing patches, and a bright yellow beak. Males and females exhibit similar coloration, though females may appear slightly duller. This species inhabits wooded savannas, forests, and riverine habitats across central and eastern Africa, from Senegal to Ethiopia and south to Angola and Zambia. It is often seen in pairs or small groups, foraging for insects, fruits, and berries.

The Lesser Blue-eared Starling is smaller and more compact, with a glossy black plumage, white wing bars, and a distinctive white patch on the nape of the neck. Like its larger counterpart, it displays sexual dimorphism in brightness, with males being more vivid. This species is found in a similar range but extends further south into southern Africa, preferring dense forests, mangroves, and riverine woodlands. It is also known for its loud, melodic calls, which are often heard at dawn and dusk.

Both species are generally considered common within their ranges, though habitat loss and fragmentation pose potential threats. They play a role in seed dispersal and insect control, contributing to ecosystem health. Due to their striking appearance and behavior, Apaloderma starlings are sometimes kept in aviculture, though they require specialized care and are not widely bred in captivity.

Conservation efforts for these species focus on protecting their natural habitats and raising awareness about their ecological importance. Research on their population trends and behaviors continues to inform conservation strategies.