3Danimaatioon

3Danimaatioon, the Finnish term for three-dimensional animation, refers to the creation of moving images in a three-dimensional digital space. It encompasses modeling, rigging, animation, lighting, shading, and rendering to produce sequences used in films, television, video games, architecture visualization, and virtual reality.

Historically, 3D animation emerged from early computer graphics research in the 1960s and 1970s, with breakthroughs in rendering and modeling techniques. The field gained broad popularity in the 1990s with feature films and commercial software. Today, 3D animation is a standard tool across media and design industries, often working in tandem with real-time graphics.

Common techniques include polygonal modeling, NURBS, sculpting, and procedural generation. Animation relies on keyframing, inverse kinematics, motion capture, and physics-based simulations. The production pipeline typically covers preproduction planning, 3D asset creation, rigging, animation, lighting, rendering, and post‑production compositing.

Software ranges from Maya, 3ds Max, and Blender to Houdini and Cinema 4D, with real-time engines such as Unity and Unreal used for interactive animation and game cinematics. Rendering can be CPU- or GPU-based, with techniques like ray tracing and path tracing increasing realism.

Ethical and technical considerations include realism versus stylization, budget constraints, and the environmental impact of rendering. Advances in AI-assisted animation and real-time rendering continue to shape the field, expanding access to high-quality 3D animation for creators around the world.