2035

2035 is a year in the Gregorian calendar that is commonly used as a planning horizon in policy, business, and research. It is the target point for many governments and organizations assessing climate, energy, technology, and social policy. Projections from international organizations indicate continued shifts toward urbanization, aging populations in developed regions, and a broad reordering of global economic influence.

Demographics and society: The global population is projected to approach about nine billion by mid-century, with a rising urban share and older age cohorts in many developed economies. Urbanization drives demand for housing, infrastructure, and services, while aging populations influence labor markets, healthcare, and pension systems.

Technology and science: Artificial intelligence, automation, and advanced manufacturing are expected to be embedded across industries. Advances in biotechnology, data science, and quantum-related research are likely to affect healthcare, agriculture, and security, raising questions about governance, privacy, and safety.

Energy and climate: The energy system continues its gradual shift toward low-carbon sources. Solar and wind capacity expansion, along with improvements in energy storage and grid modernization, support broader electrification. Transportation increasingly relies on electric propulsion and autonomous systems, complemented by reforms to reduce emissions in freight and aviation.

Space and infrastructure: Private and national programs expand satellite networks, Earth observation capabilities, and robotic exploration. International cooperation on space traffic management and sustainable space activity grows as space becomes more integrated with communications and navigation infrastructure.

Politics and economy: Geopolitical competition and supply-chain resilience shape policy choices. Trade and investment frameworks adapt to digital services and green technologies, while development assistance and climate finance aim to reduce global inequalities.

Culture and daily life: Remote work, digital services, and new media formats influence education, entertainment, and civic participation, with ongoing emphasis on data literacy and inclusive access to technology.