reordering

Reordering refers to the process of arranging items in a different order or initiating a purchase of additional stock to replenish inventory. The term is used across several fields, including inventory management, manufacturing, and computing, with each domain giving it a distinct emphasis.

In inventory management, reordering is the process of triggering replenishment when stock levels fall to a predetermined point. The goal is to balance service levels with carrying costs. A reorder point is typically calculated from expected demand during the supplier lead time, plus safety stock to cushion variability. Common strategies include continuous review (fixed stock level triggers) and periodic review (check at regular intervals). The economic order quantity model and vendor-managed inventory are related concepts that help optimize order size and timing.

In computing and data processing, reordering describes rearranging elements or records into a desired sequence, such as sorting a list or reordering fields to match a schema. Reordering operations can be part of data normalization, optimization, or algorithmic preparation.

In procurement and supply chains, automated reordering may be triggered by enterprise resource planning systems, point-of-sale data, or consumption-based planning. Policies may incorporate minimum and maximum stock levels, lead time variability, and supplier reliability to reduce stockouts and excess inventory.

Considerations for reordering include demand forecasting accuracy, seasonality, supplier performance, and cost trade-offs. Misjudgments can lead to stockouts, obsolescence, or capital tied up in inventory.