étiquette

Etiquette refers to a set of conventional rules and expected behaviors that govern social and professional interactions. It covers how people greet one another, address individuals, dress for occasions, dine in public settings, write and speak in formal contexts, and manage conflicts. Etiquette also extends to digital conduct, such as email etiquette and netiquette, since communication technologies have created new norms of politeness and clarity.

The term comes from the French étiquette, historically meaning a label or card attached to a person or object and, by extension, the rules of proper conduct at a royal court. Over time, the meaning broadened to encompass the polite behavior expected in broader society and in specialized environments like business. The concept thus links manners to social organization, hierarchy, and cultural expectations.

Practices vary widely by culture and context. What is considered appropriate greetings, personal space, gift-giving, or tipping can differ, so etiquette functions as a code that facilitates respectful interactions while reflecting social norms and values. Common domains include dining etiquette, workplace etiquette, dress codes, and communication style. In the digital age, netiquette governs online interactions, including tone, privacy, and the handling of information.

In contemporary usage, etiquette guides are published by organizations, schools, and private instructors, but individuals often adapt rules to context and personal discretion. While some critics view etiquette as formal or exclusive, supporters see it as a practical tool for reducing misunderstandings and showing consideration for others.