énkomponent

énkomponent, or one-component, refers to materials designed to cure or set without mixing a second component. These systems rely on ambient triggers such as moisture in the air, heat, UV light, or simply cooling to achieve their final properties. They are common in sealants, adhesives, coatings, and other field-applied polymers, in contrast to two-component systems that require careful mixing of resin and hardener at use.

Common families include one-component silicone sealants (RTV), polyurethane sealants and adhesives, moisture-curing epoxies, acrylics, and some hot-melt products. Most silicone and polyurethane 1K sealants cure by reaction with moisture in the air or on the substrate, forming the respective networks. Some 1K coatings or conformal coatings cure upon exposure to UV light or after heating. Hot-melt adhesives are also considered one-component products, relying on cooling from a molten state rather than a chemical cure.

Advantages of é nkomponent systems include ease of use, no mixing, and generally stable shelf life in sealed packaging, making them well suited for field applications and complex geometries. Limitations include cure rate dependence on ambient conditions, potentially lower ultimate strength or chemical resistance compared with optimized two-component systems, and limited cure in very dry or deep gaps. Opened containers may have a shortened usable life.

Applications span construction and glazing sealants, weatherproofing, automotive assemblies, electronics conformal coatings, and protective coatings in various industries. Handling considerations often include exposure to solvents or reactive groups such as isocyanates, necessitating proper ventilation and personal protective equipment.