vérnyomásemelkedéshez

Vérnyomásemelkedés, or hypertension, is a common medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and consists of two numbers: systolic pressure (the top number) and diastolic pressure (the bottom number). Systolic pressure is the pressure when the heart beats, and diastolic pressure is the pressure when the heart rests between beats.

Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be below 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is typically diagnosed when blood pressure readings are consistently 130/80 mmHg or higher. There are two main types: primary hypertension, which develops gradually over time without a discernible cause, and secondary hypertension, which is caused by an underlying medical condition such as kidney disease, thyroid problems, or certain medications.

Risk factors for developing hypertension include age, family history, obesity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet (high in sodium and fat), excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and stress. High blood pressure often has no symptoms, which is why it is sometimes called the "silent killer." However, if left untreated, it can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and vision loss.

Diagnosis is made through regular blood pressure monitoring. Treatment typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes, regular exercise, weight management, and smoking cessation. In some cases, medication may also be prescribed to help lower blood pressure. Regular check-ups with a healthcare professional are essential for managing hypertension.