vuotokokeita

Vuotokokeita, or leak tests, are procedures used to determine whether a closed system, component or enclosure leaks fluid or gas. They are employed to verify the integrity of pipes, vessels, tanks, housings and assemblies in fields such as plumbing, HVAC, automotive, aerospace, chemical processing and energy infrastructure. The primary goal is to detect leaks, ensure safety, prevent environmental contamination, and verify compliance with design and regulatory requirements.

Common methods include pressure decay tests, where the system is pressurized and the pressure is monitored over time; pressure hold tests; hydraulic or pneumatic tests using water or inert gas; vacuum decay tests; and tracer gas methods, using helium or sulfur hexafluoride with a sensitive detector. Surface methods like bubble tests with soapy water are used for quick checks. Electronic leak detectors and mass spectrometry may be employed for high-sensitivity applications.

Procedures generally involve isolating the test region, applying a specified test medium, controlling temperature, and observing for pressure change or detected tracer. Acceptance criteria specify maximum allowable leakage rate, often expressed in units such as pa·m3/s or equivalent. If a leak is detected, the component is repaired and retested.

Regulatory and industry standards provide guidance on test pressures, durations, and procedures. Testing is commonly integrated into manufacturing quality assurance and in-situ commissioning, with codes and standards from mechanical engineering, piping, and pressure vessel sectors guiding practice.

Limitations include the possibility of undetectable very small leaks, the influence of temperature and surface roughness, and potential material damage from over-pressurization or incompatible test media. Safety considerations include proper venting, handling of inert gases, and avoidance of ignition sources when testing with flammable media.