urogünekoloogia

Urogünekoloogia is a subspecialty of gynecology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic floor disorders. These disorders affect women and can include urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse. Pelvic floor disorders occur when the muscles and tissues that support the pelvic organs become weak or damaged, often due to childbirth, aging, or surgery.

Symptoms of pelvic floor disorders can vary widely. Urinary incontinence may manifest as stress incontinence (leaking urine when coughing or sneezing), urge incontinence (a sudden, strong urge to urinate), or mixed incontinence. Fecal incontinence involves the involuntary loss of stool. Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when one or more pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. This can cause a feeling of pressure, a visible bulge, or discomfort during intercourse.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, a physical examination, and may include urodynamic studies to assess bladder function, imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI, and cystoscopy or proctoscopy. Treatment options are tailored to the specific condition and its severity. They can range from conservative approaches like pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegels), lifestyle modifications, and pessaries (devices inserted into the vagina to support pelvic organs) to surgical interventions. Surgical procedures may aim to repair weakened muscles, reinforce supporting tissues, or correct prolapse. Urogünecologists work collaboratively with patients to develop personalized management plans that improve quality of life and restore pelvic health.