udfasing

Udfasing is the deliberate process of gradually ending or reducing the use of a product, service, policy, or subsidy over a defined period. The goal is to manage the transition in a controlled way, minimizing disruption while encouraging adaptation to new arrangements. The term is Danish and Norwegian in origin, literally meaning “phasing out,” and it is commonly used in policy, business, and technology contexts.

Key elements include a clear objective, a staged timeline with milestones, and explicit criteria for when phases should be completed. A successful udfasing also relies on impact assessment, adequate resources, and transparent communication with stakeholders, including businesses, workers, customers, and the public. Plans typically include transition measures such as retraining, replacement services, or alternative products to reduce negative effects.

Implementation generally follows several steps: assess the current state and desired end point; design a phased schedule with interim checkpoints; establish sunset or exit clauses; provide transitional support and regulatory alignment; monitor progress and adjust the plan as needed; and formally conclude the program or replace it with an alternative.

Impacts can be economic, social, and environmental. Benefits may include improved efficiency, reduced subsidies or externalities, and faster adoption of better technologies. Risks include service gaps, job displacement, and market disruption. To mitigate these, authorities or organizations may offer retraining, compensation, phased licensing changes, and clear timelines.

Examples commonly cited include government efforts to phase out fossil fuel subsidies, phasing out incandescent light bulbs in favor of more efficient lighting, and gradually eliminating certain single-use plastics through regulatory changes and replacements.