trussystem

A truss system is a structural framework made of straight members connected at joints to form a series of triangles. The arrangement converts loads into axial forces (tension and compression) in the members, allowing a high strength-to-weight ratio over a given span. Triangulation provides rigidity and minimizes bending moments in the structure.

Trusses are typically categorized by geometry as planar (two-dimensional) or space (three-dimensional). Planar trusses are common in roofs and bridges, while space trusses form lightweight lattices used in large roofs, towers, and exhibition structures. Popular planar configurations include Pratt, Howe, Warren, Fink, and K-trusses, among others. Materials vary with application and can include wood, steel, or aluminum. Joints may be pinned or connected by welds or bolts, influencing stiffness and behavior under load.

Applications cover a wide range of construction needs. Roof systems in residential and commercial buildings often rely on wooden or steel trusses for spanning large areas. Bridges, stadiums, cranes, and transmission towers employ steel or aluminum trusses for long spans and high load-carrying capacity. Space frames and lattice truss systems are used where large, open interiors are required without intermediate columns.

Design and construction considerations include load paths, member sizing, connections, and fabrication quality. Trusses offer efficient use of material and ease of prefabrication and rapid erection, but they can be sensitive to joint quality, corrosion (in steel), fire resistance, and dynamic or seismic loading. Maintenance typically focuses on inspecting joints and protecting members from deterioration. Compared with frame structures, truss systems primarily resist loads through axial forces, enabling extended spans with reduced material use.