tjäder

The tjäder, scientifically known as Tetrao urogallus, is a large bird of the grouse family. It is native to the boreal forests of Europe and Siberia. Males are significantly larger than females, displaying iridescent black plumage with a bronze sheen, while females are mottled brown for camouflage. Tjäder are primarily found in coniferous forests, particularly those with a mix of mature trees and open clearings. Their diet consists mainly of pine needles, buds, berries, and insects, varying seasonally.

A distinctive feature of the tjäder is its lekking behavior. During the spring, males gather in specific display areas called leks. Here, they perform elaborate courtship rituals, fanning their tails and gobbling to attract females. These displays are often accompanied by a unique vocalization. After mating, the female constructs a nest on the ground and raises her brood independently. The chicks are precocial, able to walk and feed themselves shortly after hatching.

The tjäder is an important species in its ecosystem and is also a traditional game bird in many regions. However, habitat loss and fragmentation due to deforestation and changes in forest management have led to population declines in some parts of its range. Conservation efforts focus on protecting and restoring suitable forest habitats.