tekstong

Tekstong is a term used in Filipino language education to refer to categories of texts that share purposes, audiences, and organizational patterns. In the K–12 curriculum, tekstong are used to help learners identify how a piece of writing or speech is constructed to achieve a particular goal. The main types commonly taught are: tekstong naratibo (narrative text), which conveys events in time and usually centers on a plot or sequence; tekstong deskriptibo (descriptive text), which uses sensory details to paint a picture of a person, place, or thing; tekstong ekspositori (expository text), which explains information, concepts, or processes and is organized around cause-effect, problem-solution, or enumeration; tekstong argumentatibo (argumentative text), which presents a claim and supports it with reasoning and evidence; tekstong persuweysibo (persuasive text), which aims to influence the reader's beliefs or actions, often through rhetoric and appeals. Some curricula also acknowledge tekstong prosidyural (procedural text), which provides steps or instructions. The features of each type include specific structures: narrative through sequence markers; descriptive through sensory details and spatial language; expository through definitions, examples, and logical connectors; argumentative through thesis, premises, and counterarguments; persuasive through appeals to values or emotions. Understanding tekstong supports reading comprehension, writing, and critical thinking across disciplines.