sydänlihasvaurio

Sydänlihasvaurio, known in English as myocardial damage or myocardial injury, refers to damage to the heart muscle tissue. This damage can occur for a variety of reasons, the most common being a lack of oxygen due to a blockage in the coronary arteries, leading to a myocardial infarction, or heart attack. When the heart muscle is deprived of blood flow, its cells can become damaged or die.

Other causes of sydänlihasvaurio include severe infections, inflammatory conditions affecting the heart muscle (myocarditis), certain toxins or drugs, and trauma to the chest. In some cases, prolonged high blood pressure or certain genetic conditions can also lead to gradual weakening and damage of the heart muscle.

The symptoms of sydänlihasvaurio vary depending on the cause and extent of the damage. Chest pain or discomfort is a classic symptom, often described as pressure, tightness, or squeezing. Other signs can include shortness of breath, pain radiating to the arm, jaw, or back, nausea, and dizziness. However, some individuals, particularly those with diabetes, may experience milder or even no symptoms.

Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess the heart's electrical activity, blood tests to detect cardiac biomarkers (enzymes released into the bloodstream when heart muscle is damaged, such as troponin), and imaging techniques like echocardiography. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but often focuses on restoring blood flow to the heart muscle, managing symptoms, and preventing further damage. Long-term management may involve lifestyle changes, medications, or cardiac rehabilitation.