sydäniskemiaan

Sydäniskemia, also known as myocardial ischemia, is a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. This occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is reduced or blocked, most commonly due to the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, a process called atherosclerosis. This narrowing of the arteries restricts the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.

The reduced blood flow can happen gradually over time, leading to chronic ischemia, or it can occur suddenly, causing acute ischemia. Symptoms of sydäniskemia can vary but often include chest pain or discomfort, known as angina. This pain may be felt as a pressure, squeezing, or fullness in the chest, and can radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Other symptoms can include shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, and sweating. In some cases, particularly in women or individuals with diabetes, symptoms might be less typical or absent altogether.

Risk factors for developing sydäniskemia include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation are crucial for prevention and management. Medical treatments may involve medications to improve blood flow, reduce the heart's workload, or prevent blood clots. In more severe cases, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery might be necessary to restore adequate blood flow to the heart muscle.