sugárkezelést

Sugárkezelés, more commonly known as radiation therapy or radiotherapy, is a medical treatment that uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It is a crucial component of cancer treatment, often used in conjunction with surgery or chemotherapy, or as a standalone therapy.

The primary goal of radiation therapy is to deliver a precise dose of radiation to the cancerous tissue while minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy cells. This is achieved through various techniques and technologies. External beam radiation therapy is the most common type, where a machine outside the body directs radiation at the tumor. Internal radiation therapy, or brachytherapy, involves placing radioactive sources directly inside or near the tumor.

Radiation therapy works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells. While healthy cells can often repair this damage, cancer cells are more susceptible and eventually die. The effects of radiation therapy can be immediate or develop over weeks or months.

The decision to use radiation therapy, as well as the specific type and dosage, depends on many factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and whether other treatments are being used. Side effects can occur, varying in severity and type depending on the area being treated. Common side effects include fatigue, skin changes in the treated area, and localized irritation. Healthcare professionals work closely with patients to manage these side effects.