stratigrafii
Stratigrafii is the branch of geology that studies rock layers, their order, composition, and physical relationships. It aims to reconstruct the sequence of geological events from the present backward through time by analyzing the distribution and characteristics of strata. The term derives from Greek stratós 'layer' and graphía 'writing'.
Stratigrafii combines several subdisciplines, including lithostratigraphy (rock-type units), biostratigraphy (fossil content for correlation), chronostratigraphy (defining time
Key principles include original horizontality, superposition, lateral continuity, and the principle of faunal succession. Inclusions and
Stratigraphic units include formations, members, beds, and groups. Correlation uses lithology, fossil assemblages, and isotopic or
Dating methods such as radiometric ages, magnetostratigraphy, and chemostratigraphy provide numerical ages and constrain the rock
Stratigraphy informs natural resource exploration, basin analysis, and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. In archaeology and paleoclimatology, stratigraphic framing