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isotopic

Isotopic refers to the property of atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. These variants of an element are known as isotopes. Isotopes of a given element have nearly identical chemical properties because they possess the same number of electrons and the same electronic structure. However, they may differ in physical properties, such as atomic mass and radioactive decay characteristics.

Isotopes are commonly used in various scientific and industrial applications. For example, carbon-14 (14C) is used

The study of isotopes and their behavior is a critical area of research in fields such as

in
radiocarbon
dating
to
determine
the
age
of
archaeological
artifacts.
Hydrogen-3
(3H),
also
known
as
tritium,
is
employed
in
nuclear
fusion
research
and
as
a
tracer
in
biological
systems.
Additionally,
stable
isotopes
of
elements
like
oxygen
and
strontium
are
used
to
study
geological
processes
and
environmental
changes.
geology,
chemistry,
biology,
and
nuclear
physics.
Techniques
like
mass
spectrometry
are
employed
to
separate
and
analyze
different
isotopes,
providing
valuable
insights
into
the
composition
and
history
of
materials.