solpanel
Solpanel, commonly called a solar panel, is a device that converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells. It is a core component of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and consists of multiple PV cells encapsulated in glass and polymer layers, framed for protection and mounting.
Most PV cells are crystalline silicon. Modules are monocrystalline, polycrystalline, or thin-film (such as CdTe or
How it works: photons excite electrons in a PV cell's p-n junction, generating current. An electric field
Life and performance: typical modules are designed for 25–30 years of useful life; gradual degradation occurs,
Applications and economics: PV panels are used in rooftop and ground-mounted setups across residential, commercial, and
Environmental and regulatory aspects: production involves energy, materials, and chemical processes; end-of-life recycling programs are expanding.
Global market: major producers include China, the United States, and the European Union, with deployment expanding